Pathological Demand Avoidance

PDA - also known as Pervasive Drive for Autonomy.

For many neurodivergent (ND) young people, everyday expectations like school, socialising, or chores can feel overwhelming. What looks like refusal or defiance often reflects how their brains process stress and demands differently.

What Is Demand Avoidance/Drive for Autonomy?

ND brains can become overwhelmed by sensory input, change, and social pressures. They rely on routine and predictability, and fatigue easily when managing demands. This behaviour is usually a nervous system response, not deliberate defiance.

Common signs include:

• Skipping school or avoiding activities
• Refusing tasks or social events
• Inconsistent coping—sometimes managing well, other times shutting down

How We Help

We support ND young people by:

• Validating their feelings without judgment
• Reducing pressure and adapting expectations
• Using step-by-step exposure to challenges
• Providing clear routines and visual supports

Demand avoidance/Drive for Autonomy is a coping strategy. With understanding and flexible support, ND young people can build confidence and thrive.